Effect of Temperature on Membrane Permeability Beetroot

Effect of Temperature on Membrane Permeability Beetroot In this investigation I shall find out the relationship between the amounts of leakage of beetroot pigment into water under various range of temperatures. Furthermore, I will also investigate if there is a correlation between absorbency and temperature. Hypothesis Since the temperatures are high, it is possible that the phospholipids in the cell membrane will move faster. This will inevitably result in the membrane becoming for permeable. Therefore, I predict that, there will be a positive relationship between permeability and temperature. I also predict that there will be a positive correlation between the two variables, which means as the temperature increases the absorbency will inevitably increase. Null Hypothesis There will be no relationship between the rise in temperature and the amount of beetroot pigment leaking into the water. To give me a visual perception of my obtained results compared to that of the two other groups, I will represent the results in a form of a scatter diagram/graph. I will use the Spearman Rank Statistical test to carry out a statistical analysis of my results. This will allow me to establish a significant relationship between the two sets of data, which are the temperature and the absorbency. To work out the significant relationship I will be using the following formula: Rц¢ = 1 6 ∑D ² N = no. of pairs of measurements that I have, which is 7. n (n ² 1) Rц¢ = 1 6 x 2 n (n ² 1) Rц¢ = 1 6 x 2 7 (7 ² 1) Rц¢ = 1 12 336 Rц¢ = 0.96 I have been provided with a table, which indicates that for every n value there is a critical value. For 7 pairs of measurements the critical value is 0.79. If Rц¢ is greater than or equal to the critical value indicated in the table, than there is a significant relationship between my sets of data. Rs = 0.96 > 0.79. This indicates that there is a correlation between temperature and the absorbency. I also know that I have a positive correlation, as 0.96 is a positive value. I also need to work carry out a Spearmans rank test using my average value of absorbency, which includes my own set of results as well as the two other pooled results. Rs from my average value of absorbency is identical to the previous Rs. This clearly means that I have successfully managed to support the fact that there is a positive correlation between absorbency and temperature. Therefore, I can discard my Null Hypothesis, which states otherwise. The first graph, which is a scatter diagram of pool results, displays my results alongside with two other students. By carefully comparing the graph I have noticed that all the results indicate the same pattern of a positive correlation. However, I have noticed that one set of results had produced an anomalies result. Therefore, I intend to discuss possible limitation and problems, which may have caused this. The graph as well as the statistical analysis both indicates that my prediction was correct, and as a result of this I can discard my null hypothesis. Scientific Knowledge In the cells of a beetroot plant, substances called anthocyanin, which are common plant pigments, is contained within the plasma membrane. This substance is a glycosides that is water-soluble with some of the sugar groups removed. The red/purple color of the organism is produced from the anthocyanin, which in turn contains a positive charge distributed over the chemical ring system. A damaged beetroot cell with a broken membrane would initiate the anthocyanin bleeding out of the cell like a dye. This aspect could be used to test the conditions that affect the integrity of the cell membrane. The cell membrane in a beetroot plant is made up of a phospholipids bi-layer, which forms a fluid mosaic structure. If the temperature were increased the cell membrane would gain high kinetic energy and vibrate vigorously, causing the phospholipids bi-layer to break, which in turn would increase the size of the pores. As a result, when the temperature continues to raise the plasma membrane of the beetroot cell will rupture. This due to the fact that the phospholipids bi-layer, which forms the cell membrane, is made of proteins, and as the kinetic theory states; with increased temperature molecules in the protein will receive high energy and vibrate vigorously. For that reason, above the optimum temperature, the bonds holding the protein structure together will be broken, thus the proteins are denatured. This means at higher temperatures more of the pigment or anthocyanin would leak out, in turn increasing the rate of diffusion. As a result I have decided to find out the temperature v ariable and use the colour change, caused by the anthocyanin as the independent variable. The results, which I received, seem to support this fact, in that as the temperature increased the percentage transmission of light read by the colorimeter decreased. Evaluation of Evidence The graph produced from my results seem to illustrate the same trend as the two pooled results, which is that there is a direct proportionality between the increase in temperature and the absorbance. This indicates that my results were somewhat reliable. Throughout the experiment I used a syringe for measuring volume, which consequently would have increased precision, as this assured the measurements used were to the nearest millimetre. Moreover, I also used a stopwatch, which ensured that the time in which I allowed each set of beetroot discs to be heated in water was kept constant. I also used the same cork borer to cut out each beetroot cylinder, which indicates that all the beetroot cylinder should have been more or less identical to each other.

Principles of Heat Treating of Steels :: essays papers

Principles of Heat Treating of Steels Principles of Heat Treating of Steels A steel is usually defined as an alloy of iron and carbon with the content between a few hundreds of a percent up to about 2 wt%. Other alloying elements can amount in total to about 5 wt% in low-alloy steels and higher in more highly alloyed steels such as tool steels and stainless steels. Steels can exhibit a wide variety of properties depending on composition as well as the phases and microconstituents present, which in turn depend on the heat treatment. The Fe-C Phase Diagram The basis for the understanding of the heat treatment of steels is the Fe-C phase diagram. Because it is well explained in earlier volumes of Metals Handbook and in many elementary textbooks, the stable iron-graphite diagram and the metastable Fe-Fe3 C diagram. The stable condition usually takes a very long time to develop, especially in the low-temperature and low-carbon range, and therefore the metastable diagram is of more interest. The Fe-C diagram shows which phases are to be expected at equilibrium for different combinations of carbon concentration and temperature. We distinguish at the low-carbon and ferrite, which can at most dissolve 0.028 wt% C at 727 oC and austenite which can dissolve 2.11 wt% C at 1148 oC. At the carbon-rich side we find cementite. Of less interest, except for highly alloyed steels, is the d-ferrite existing at the highest temperatures. Between the single-phase fields are found regions with mixtures of two phases, such as ferrite + cementite, austenite + cementite, and ferrite + austenite. At the highest temperatures, the liquid phase field can be found and below this are the two phase fields liquid + austenite, liquid + cementite, and liquid + d-ferrite. In heat treating of steels the liquid phase is always avoided. Some important boundaries at single-phase fields have been given special names. These include: the carbon content at which the minimum austenite temperature is attained is called the eutectoid carbon content. The ferrite-cementite phase mixture of this composition formed during cooling has a characteristic appearance and is called pearlite and can be treated as a microstructural entity or microconstituent. It is an aggregate of alternating ferrite and cementite particles dispersed with a ferrite matrix after extended holding close to A1. The Fe-C diagram is of experimental origin. The knowledge of the thermodynamic principles and modern thermodynamic data now permits very accurate calculations of this diagram.

Business Management Essay

What different persuasive approaches would you use on the following audiences: a boss, a peer, a challenging person, or an open-minded person? I believe the approaches will and must differ if you want to be successful. Persuasion is meant to win others over, not to defeat them. Therefore, it is important to be able to see the topic from different angles in order to anticipate the reaction others have to a proposal. Since individuals in each of the roles you have listed are typically going to have their own biases and priorities, the message approach needs to be tailored to best win them over. Boss: this is who is prominent in a department or organization to accomplish company goals and objectives. Therefore, the approach should be to establish how your proposal ties in with the accomplishment of those goals .Peer – any persuasions that work on you should work on your peer, since you share similar viewpoints and roles. Typically persuasion between peers can be less structured and more informal since you already have shared experience. Challenging person – the most difficult spectators, the key here is preparati on. The challenging person is typically trying to poke holes and arguing against your ideas. The approach you need to take is think through all the possible objections that could be raised against your suggestion. Then develop and prepare the counter-arguments. If you’ve done your work thoroughly, you can win over the challenging person by demonstrating how you’ve thought through and come up with solutions for all possible flaws in your argument. Open-minded – this audience needs preparation as well, but from a different perspective than the challenging. Instead of trying to anticipate every possible objection and how to mitigate it, the open-minded approach is to lay out the facts in a rational manner that persuades to what you want to accomplish. With a focus on logic, an open-minded person will be persuaded. †¢ Consider the list titled â€Å"In Depth: Critical Thinking, The Long Version† in Ch.1 of Critical Thinking. What do you consider to be the most important points? Why do you think this? I would consider the following to be the most important points: Distinguish between rational claims and emotional ones, separate fact from opinion, recognize logical flaws in the argument, and spot deception and holes in the arguments of others. I think these points are the most  important when it comes to decisive whether or not a claim is true. If I can distinct fact from opinion this will help one to determine the relevant information in a claim. Recognizing flaws and spotting deception and holes in the argument of others will further allow me to use proper reasoning when interpreting a claim and deciding whether or not it is valid, sound, or both. There are many critical think skills that a person needs to develop in order to become shrewder. These skills applied to everyday decisions and they can be also be applied to world-wide issues. Every day we talk to somebody or read the local newspaper, we are using critical thinking skills. †¢ What is the difference between persuasion and manipulation? How do arguments and language affect the difference? Persuasion is leading someone in a certain way. For example, logical argument might be more persuasive than screaming fits, the smell of chocolate cake might persuade you to eat it. So it is neutral. Manipulation is getting a person to do something for your purposes. You could use logic to persuade someone that something was right, hence manipulating them into doing something you want them to do. †¢ What keys or tips can raise suspicion about the validity of arguments, presented verbally and in writing? The validity of the argument can raise suspicion if the source is an unknown source. When presented verbally the validity of the argument can also raise suspicion with the origination of the source and if the person verbally expressing the information will change the information in anyway.

A Low And Stable Inflation Rate - 880 Words

For several years, the western world or the world’s most developed countries have always perceived Africa as a place of impoverished citizens, who have little to no knowledge of fending for themselves. Thus, the need for aids, food, clothing and the like to be shipped to these areas to help cater for the poor standard of living. In several discussions on how to alleviate poverty, it’s always been a question of empowering the locals to confront their problems, even though the execution has always been left for criticism. However, being able to achieve and sustain a reliable economy that alleviates poverty in these localities should be hinged on the implementation of effective and realistic policies, which mitigates the problem from the grass roots. The maintenance of a low and stable inflation rate, reduction in maternal and child undernutrition, and initiatives to ensure sustainable living standards and health, extensive education and access to obtaining credit among th e people of Ghana and the provision of agricultural inputs to boost their yearly yields are some of the positive outlooks that can help reduce poverty. When it comes to living standards, the government should be in the position of preventing the negative correlation effect of increases in the inflation rate. For example, in the 1970s and 1980’s the Ghanaian economy experienced high inflation rates without a corresponding increase in the nominal wages of able-bodied workers (An Assessment of Poverty ReducingShow MoreRelatedThe Central Bank or The Fed1087 Words   |  5 Pagesoperating in. Monetary Policy has two effects, expansionary policy and restricted policy. Expansionary policy helps lower interest rates and raise inflation in the economy; this policy improves growth for short run for the overall performance of the economy. On the other hand, restricted policy does the exact opposite of expansionary. Restricted reduces growth and inflation in the economy. Another role of the central banks is to manage the payments system by the inter-bank payments. This role of theRead MoreCentral Bank : Monetary Policy1178 Words   |  5 Pagesand exchange rates. Until the 1970s, central banks used a currency peg, which linked the value of the domestic currency to the value of another currency, usually of a low-inflation country. But this approach meant that the country’s monetary policy was tied to the country to which it pegged, restraining the central bank’s ability to adapt their policy to shocks such supply shocks or changes in the real interest rate. Consequently, many central banks began to adopt flexible exchange rates, forcing themRead MoreEvaluate Two Macroeconomic Objectives the Government in Your Home Country Aims to Achieve and How Effective Is the Government in Achieving Them?1286 Words   |  6 PagesUS on the UK economy. Macroeconomics, policies that aim to improve economic growth, maximise national income and raise the standard of living for citizens, have four main methods: full employment, inflation, balance of payments, equilibrium of supply and demand. In this essay I will look at: inflation and taxation . I will describe the policies followed, how they were put into practise and whether they have been effective at stabilising the British economy in this time of significant internationalRead MoreConsumer Price Inflation955 Words   |  4 Pages First, we will examine price inflation under fiat currency and judge whether price inflation is relatively stable under the U.S. dollar. Rolnick and Welser argued that under a fiat currency inflation rates are high. Under their tests, fiat currency had an average inflation rate of 9.17%. Compared to the average rate of inflation of 1.75% for commodity currencies. Thus, they concluded that under fiat currencies rates of inflation were higher and unstable (Rolnick and Welser, 1997). However,Read MoreInflation Targeting Is A Monetary Policy Framework That1639 Words   |  7 PagesInflation targeting is a monetary policy framework that commits the central bank to achieving low and stable inflation. Inflation targeting is a long-run goal for monetary policy. It was implemented due to the poor performance of exchange rate and monetary targeting. The central bank has an explicit numerical target for inflation rate, for the medium term and announces it to public which is around 2% in the UK. Monetary policy supports the long term economy growth by maintaining the price stabilityRead MoreEconomic Conditions in the US1005 Words   |  4 Pagesat a rate of 3% per year, which is moderate growth. This is fuelled in part by low interest rates, which are at 0.42% for short-term paper. This is to spur further growth. The unemployment rate is declining, and is now at 8.2%. The inflation rate, using the basic Consumer Price Index, is 0.3%. Slide 3: Brazil is one of the booming BRIC economies, and is very accessible to US markets. The St. Louis Fed provides us with economic data on select international countries. The GDP growth rate in BrazilRead MoreDeveloping A Countrys Economic Data1489 Words   |  6 Pagescountry’s economy is so dependent on their individual success. The government’s goal is to prioritize economic growth in order to maintain a high standard of living for its citizens. Key Economic Factors Gross domestic product (GDP), unemployment, and inflation make up the most important economic indicators for Canada’s economy. As previously mentioned, these factors and interrelated but will be analyzed individually for a full understanding of their individual impact on the economy. Gross Domestic ProductRead MoreThe Phillips Curve : The Epitome Of Antiquity Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesThe Epitome of Antiquity Abstract In this paper, we will present a model discussed at length in Todorova (2012) representing the Phillips curve, the textbook macroeconomic relationship posting a negative relationship between unemployment and inflation. Specifically, the model posits that when unemployed workers are scarce, employers must compete with one another for the remaining, qualified workers by bidding wages upward, which translates into higher costs, which combined with stronger consumptionRead More U.K. Economy Essay1546 Words   |  7 PagesU.K. Economy The UK government currently has four main macroeconomic aims that it is pursuing. These aims are those of low unemployment, low inflation, and high and stable economic growth as well as a favourable balance of payments current account position. This essay will concentrate on the government’s success in the first three of its aims listed above and how these macroeconomic aims can or have been achieved using fiscal and monetary policy. Fiscal policy is used to affect aggregateRead MoreMacroeconomic Objectives Of The Malaysian Economy1542 Words   |  7 Pagesmacroeconomic objectives In this section I will be discussing how well does Malaysia manage to achieve the four macroeconomic objectives which are; high and stable economic growth, low unemployment, low inflation and avoidance of large balance of trade deficit. One of the ways that Malaysia’s economy plan to reach the goals of high and stable economic growth is by implementing a fiscal consolidation â€Å"The Malaysian government has embarked on fiscal consolidation† (Ratings and Investment Information

Terrorism The Toughest Issue Facing the US Essay

Among the security issues facing the United Stated in this age of change and turmoil, terrorism is the most challenging. This is not only due to the nature of terrorism itself, but also to the deliberately narrow focus of the US government and the ways it chose to address this threat. Three major aspects support this thesis. First, Terrorism is an old protean threat with which mankind has always had trouble coping. This often results in people emotionally overreacting. Also, ways taken by the American administration, driven by the wounds of 9/11, focus too much on Al Qaida, even when it is clear that many more terrorist groups are threatening the United States. These ways of dealing with terrorism are not fully relevant and could be easily†¦show more content†¦Given the limited â€Å"conventional† means at their disposal, they use asymmetrical attacks against the system for effect to garner support for their cause. Terrorism is purely a tactic to serve a greater cause . There are as many terrorist groups as there are causes and not all terrorist attacks are directed against the US. Several well-known groups like Irish Republican Army (IRA) or Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) are for instance established in Europe. IRA operates primarily in the UK; ETA operates mainly in France and Spain. Each group fighting for its particular cause, employing different methods, in various places and with different internal organizations makes it impossible to generalize. Their versatility is an integral part of their nature and helps them fit into their time. As a result of their adaptability, they greatly benefit from globalization and new media for recruiting and publicizing their actions. Despite major attacks such as 9/11, London7, Madrid, the effects of terrorism are not as horrific as one would believe. In terms of probability, we have less chance to die from a terrorist attack than from many other causes of death that could easily be avoided. Data releasedShow MoreRelatedGun Control Policy Debate1257 Words   |  6 PagesAfter eight years of Gov. Chris Christies tumultuous tenure, a period marked by great promise and neglect, New Jersey is facing daunting fiscal challenges. The public employee pension system is troubled despite a landmark fix in 2001, the transit system is crumbling into Third World status, and the public school funding law has never been properly funded. These menacing problems could only be resolved through a just and able governor who would be able to fix and develop intellectual solutions toRead MoreLockheed Martin SWOT Paper1438 Words   |  6 Pagesits most important customer. The following is a summary of the challenges and issues facing Lockheed Martin Corporation as the company and Marillyn Hewson, the CEO, face cuts to their revenue by the United States Department of Defense, which accounts for 83% of their total revenue. Their challenge is to maintain the profitability and integrity of the company. This report will discuss the three key issues facing Lockheed Martin, which are; the U.S government makes up too much of their revenueRead MoreTerrorism And Cultural Differences Between India And Its Neighboring Countries2588 Words   |  11 PagesTerrorism is one of the biggest and very dangerous problems in the world. Terrorism created a great problem to most of the nation’s above all common people suffering because of their cruelty and mindless acts. Today in this paper I want to discuss about terrorist attacks on India because of cultural differences between India and its neighboring countries. Terrorism or terrorist attacks mostly causes becau se of cultural hatred, religious hatred, hatred on other countries and many more reasons. MostRead MoreGun Control And Border Security2025 Words   |  9 Pagesof the major problems Texas is facing these days. According to, â€Å"The Texas Political Project†, immigration is the top most problem Texas is facing today while border security is the second. This leads to an increase in other illegalities like drug trafficking, homicides, mafia wars etc. Premature birth, persistent extermination, and the death penalty are all ambiguous issues in today s general public. Gun control is one of the most convoluted and contentious issues in Texas today. The right to bearRead MoreWhat are Pension Fund or Pension Portfolio1812 Words   |  8 PagesQuestion A Pension portfolio is a common asset pool meant to generate stable growth over the long run, pension funds are provide for employees when they reach to an end of their working years and retirement. (Investspodia US, pension fund 2014) Base on the case study, TMP is currently investing only in the U.S security market which is also investing domestically. Due to an increasing demand from its institutional clients for information and assistance related to international investments, the firmRead MoreDarden Consulting Case Book25163 Words   |  101 Pagesto start for. Do not wait for the interviewer to prompt you with â€Å"Where would you like to start?†. Choose an area that is more general (eg. market sizing) or that get right to the heart of the issue (eg. for a case that is exploring profit decline, and your hunch is that it’s a revenue issue vs. a cost issue, start off with revenue). At this point your interviewer will present you more information, especially data. 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If marketing would stay out of engineering, we could get our job done. Marketing doesn t understand that there s more work for us to do other than just new product development. Marketing personnel should spend their time at the country club and in bar rooms. This will allow us in engineering to finish our work uninterrupted! Questions Marketing expects everyone in engineering to stop what they are doing in order to put out marketing fires

Gender Inequality Women And Women - 1103 Words

There are hundreds and thousands of athletes all around the world but the main problem in the athlete world is gender inequality, women are not shown equal as men. They are discriminated in many ways such as pay, employment opportunities, value of women s sport, media coverage etc. Despite the federal law passed called Title IX that â€Å"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination. there is still gender inequality women are considered less than men. No matter what happens people will always have inequality against men and women because of the environment they live in and how they were raised. Women are discriminated in the sports†¦show more content†¦They are not given the same amount of support to pursue an athletic career as men. Moreover, according to Kelsey Clark she has stated in her blog that â€Å"The very highest paid female soccer athletes, including the United States’ Alex Morgan, make only around a half million playing soccer. The highest paid men, in contrast, can earn more than $50 million for their salary and other winnings†. This demonstrates that women athletes are being paid low which is not fair at all and women are back off they are not treated equally as they deserve more than what they get and have more talent but it s hidden because of the inequality. Women have careers in every job field such as business, science but in sports they do not have opportunities to go ahead and pursue a successful career. If we think about it in school, sport teams there are more men coaches than women there are barely any female coaches out there that are teaching others any sport. According to Emily Dugan women were surveyed and almost fifth of the women said that their careers have stalled because managers failed to promote them or offer training as stated in the newspaper independent inShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality Of Women And Women Essay1440 Words   |  6 PagesWe live in a society where men and women are not see the same nor are treated equally. Gender inequalities have always been an issue in our society. Women have always gain less respect than men based on their sex. The society has developed certain images and roles for males and females. Men are seen to have masculine traits such stability, independence, and confidence; whereas, women have more feminine traits such as nurturing, affection, and patience. 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Father Roy Bourgeois was a priestRead MoreRunning Head : Gender Inequality And Women1526 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: GENDER INEQUALITY AND WOMEN 1 Gender Inequality and Women in Employment: Hiring, Promotions, and Salaries Amanda Rogers Chapman University GENDER INEQUALITY AND WOMEN 2 Gender Inequality and Women in Employment: Hiring, Promotions, and Salaries In the workplaceRead MoreGender Inequality Of Men And Women1324 Words   |  6 PagesGender is one of many reasons why people in this world speak differently and some do believe that it has a great influence over the way in which men and women speak. Gender ties into many other aspects of why we speak differently such as occupation, class and power. These are just a few reasons why men and women speak differently. 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Homework Writing and Discussion Board

Question: Case Analysis: McDonalds Write asummaryof the case study. In your summary, be sure to discuss the external environment in which McDonalds operates and how the environment influences its strategy. Case Analysis: Google Write asummaryof the case study. In your paperexplainhow Google analyzed their value chain for the purpose of determining where they were able to create value when using theirresources,capabiltitesandcore competencies. Case Analysis: Porsche Write a summary of the case study. In your summary be sure to include a discussion of Porsche's competitors, competitive rivalry, competitive behavior, and competitive dynamics. Case Analysis: Domino's Write a summary of the case study. Be sure to discuss reasons why Domino's would use an acquisition strategy to achieve strategic competitiveness. Answer: Case study analysis of McDonald The external environment in which McDonalds operates and how the environment influences its strategy For the continuous success of McDonald it was seen that the company transported its business strategy to the other countries. The company used this formula to enter the other countries over the years. McDonald had a vision of one world one taste. Thus it wanted to expand to the countries that were English and were more acceptable to the American culture. There were many countries that were selling stuffs according to the American culture, and McDonald was one of those countries (annual report, 2013). They believed that if they incorporated the food of the other country than they would lose their identity. Thus they faced many problems since they had underestimated the impact of the cultures of the host country on the restaurant. There were other issues like the fatty food and the mad cow disease that had made a negative impact on the image of the company. The problem of standardization of McDonald was another problem that they faced. The company was growing at a rapid pace and they needed the infrastructure in the restaurant but there were no adequate arrangements in the restaurants. More over there were no good suppliers in the foreign land and since it was the key to the standardization, they faced quite a problem. The joint ventures that they had in the foreign countries had made them difficult to supervise all the locations in the foreign countries which made them less profitable in the other countries rather than their domestic counterparts (Marketing at McDonalds, 2015). According to Skinner, the company needs to become more connected to the global customers. Over time the company had significance variance in the strategic actions in the different countries. To introduce the variation they started to utilize the local suppliers in order to upgrade the operations (McDonalds Environmental Strategy, 2015). The company even encourage regional experimentation with t eh menu in order to align with the local taste of the people. More over the company hold events n the host countries. They allow the customer to visit the kitchen and meet the suppliers and the executives of the company. With the success of the company after so many struggles in the various countries, they are now influenced with the growing magnitude of impact that the culture has on the company. Due to the size and the influence that the company has, it has received a more public attention that is both positive and negative. It is seen that they can generate great strain on the infrastructure every where it operates. The company began to experience great deal violence and vandalism since the firm was a symbol of western culture, thus to remove this tag they started to do a lot of socially responsible activities. They have also entered into several productive relationships with the non-governmental organizations. The company works effectively with the NGOs in an attempt to improve and better track the effects of its operations on both the suppliers as well as customers. Case study analysis of Google Explainhow Google analyzed their value chain for the purpose of determining where they were able to create value when using theirresources, capabilitiesandcore competencies It was seen that within a period of less than 13 years Google has become a giant company and are a general name that have strongly got connected with the people. It is one of the trusted search engines and the word itself has become a synonym of search. People say Google the word if you are not finding it. It is seen that the Googles page ranking is the yard stick against which most internet companies are measured ('Business under threat, technology under attack, ethics under fire: the experience of Google in China', 2013). The success of the company lies on the fact that they constantly use its competencies in order to challenge the strategies of the worlds leading technological innovations. as the company ventures further into the growth phase of the life cycle and diversify its business into various new segments, there are various challenges that that the company faces. The company needs to identify the optimal mix of resources and also the capabilities in order to manage the growth of the android mobile operating system. They need to decide on the strategies that it will adopt in order to tackle situation in countries with out with drawing the business from the country. The competitive industry in which the company operates cannot be simplified classified in simple terms; it includes a wide array of products and services that revolve around on the opportunities brought about the coming of the internet ('Google grows on people', 2013). There are various competitors of Google in the market which range from Yahoo, Microsoft and apple. It is seen that these companies are diversified and they include several industries and the common goal of all the companies is to provide innovative product to the customers. There are main four areas on which the company focuses in order to maintain a competitive advantage over the others; they are search, advertising, apps and mobile In todays world it is seen that technology plays an important role for the companies like Google, apple, Microsoft etc. it is so because the people are using the internet technology more than ever. The server hardware are another important commodity that the company needs. It is interesting to see that the Google does not purchase the servers rather they build their own. Google went on to become the fourth largest manufacture of servers in the world. It is seen that most of the companies uses large storage arrays that come at a cost higher than the standard desktop computer storage. But Google does not follow the trends and they use a low price, high redundancy model, where the individual drivers are very inexpensive and are expected to fail. It is seen that Google pays very little for the bandwidth due to the large scale purchase of the dark fibers (Strategic Capability, 2007). In case of search the company the company seeks continuous advancements in terms of global access, ease of use, useful commercial information and improving the web, as they grew they grew they targeted the areas of satellite imaging, better products, increased traffic, and appeal to the advertisers. The AdWords and the AdSense are the two main advertising product of the company. Through this they provide much targeted, cost effective and very successful methods if advertising to the users. Moreover the apps and the mobile that they have are making the company strong in the market and a sought after company in terms of the product and the service they provide. Case study analysis of Porsche A discussion of Porsche's competitors, competitive rivalry, competitive behavior, and competitive dynamics Porsche is a successful car maker and it has been so over the last century, though there were certain financial crises that they felt. It was forced to hand over the keys to VW and they wanted to use the Porsche's expertise in order to assist the other brands that were there under the VW umbrella. The VW family wanted to expand the product line of Porsche as well as increase the production of the cars. But there arises questions as to whether they will increase the product line and how they would combat the problem of brand dilution. There are several problems that they are facing apart from the tough competition of the sports car from other brands like the Audi and Lamborghini ('Competitive rivalry', 2014). The sports car industry had also faced the economic crisis of the 20th century, and Porsche competes in a market segment where few companies can compete. The caliber with which the cars are made requires size and a lot of capital investment. Thus there are low new entries in the market and the old companies have most of the market share. It is seen that the technology are not in the grasp of the company, thus it has forged partnerships to keep its business on cutting edge. Porsche realized that the preferences of the people are changing and they need to diversify in other segments. Though there was many oppositions from the people as diversification would hamper the image of Porsche, it had decided to include the SUV called the Cayenne under their umbrella (Weihrich, 2015). It is seen that the sports car manufacturing company faces a very complicated competition. There are various obstacles that the management team of Porsche had to overcome. There are various types of sports car that the company manufactures for the various markets. Porsche focuses on the quality and not on the quantity thus after so many years of operation it only has five varieties of cars to offer to the people (AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY ANALYSIS, 2015). They have introduced recently two models in the year 2002 and 2009, the Cayenne and the Panamera respectively. The main competitors of Cayenne are the BMW X6 M, Mercedes Benz ML63 AMG and Audi Q7. Whereas the Panamera has competitors lik e BMW M5, Mercedes Benz S65 AMG and the Audi S8. These two cars target the luxury vehicle and the SUV market segment and the Boxster, Cayman, and 911 targets the sports car segment. Porsche has always been a high achiever and they have exceeded the expectation of the people all the time. Thus they are ideal to meet the needs of the people at different stages of life. The strategy of the company to maintain the quality, the craftsmanship, and the excellent engineering had made them keep their good brand image and finally it was the strategy of the company to emphasize on the design, research and development of technology and the right marketing of the cars that had made it possible for them to maintain the reputation for the commitment to excellence. Case study analysis of Dominos Discuss reasons why Domino's would use an acquisition strategy to achieve strategic competitiveness. Dominos is a strong player in the pizza market both in the US domestic market as well as in the international market. The company operates in 63 countries and is in the second position after pizza hut and is the number one in the pizza delivery. It was seen that the company was suffering from decreased domestic revenue from the period of 2005 and 2009. The company was suffering from a negative reputation in the market place. In order to stay in the market they adopted a strategy to address the complaints of taste deficiency and the preference of the people for the fresh products. There were additions in the menu and new items like pasta, taco, chicken wings and chocolate lava cakes in the year 2011. Dominos has tried to carve out a niche for itself in case of ordering and delivering the pizza (Building Competitive Advantage, 2015). The company has brought out the e-commerce efforts in the ordering and the delivery process so that they can respond to the needs and expectation of the p eople. There are three different types of segments that drive the sales and the growth of the company. They are the domestic stores, domestic supply chain services and international. In the domestic segment there are 454 company owned stores and 4475 franchised stores. The franchise stores are operated by the entrepreneurs in each of them operates on an average four locations. It is seen that the domestic supply chain segment consists of producing the dough on a daily basis, as well as deliver the pizza related food to all the franchise stores. It is seen that the company os the fourth largest brand in the publicly sourced traded restaurant brands. There is a network of 4422 international franchise stores that they have that are located throughout the world. There are number of companies that operate in the market place like Pizza Hut, Papa Johns, Little Caesars, etc which offer tough competition to Dominos apart from the other small locally owned pizza companies (Henry, 2010). Since there are various countries in which Dominos operates, it would be beneficial for the company to make acquisitions in the domestic as well as the foreign market in order to have a strategic edge over the competitors. They will be able to identify the preference of the local people and can use the products of the company under their brand name in order to attract more people. The acquisition will be beneficial since they will have the idea of the operation in a new country where they are planning to start their business, thus this would reduce the cost of the company in terms of the cost otherwise spent for the setting up of a new store in an unknown area. at the end of the year 2010, it was seen that they have a significant gain as a result of the market pos ition and the advertising, thus they can make acquisition in order to increase the market share in the domestic as well as the international market (Le Pashut, 2015). Though there are problem that they will face due to the rising cost of the food and gasoline, the increased rate of unemployment and the diminished rate of disposable income, the company need to keep their strategy strong and take up the challenges in order to remain in the market. References annual report. (2013) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/content/dam/AboutMcDonalds/Investors/McDs2013AnnualReport.pdf AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY ANALYSIS. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.srl.gatech.edu/Members/bbradley/me6753.industryanalysis.teamA.pdf Building Competitive Advantage. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.swlearning.com/pdfs/chapter/0324226217_1.PDF Business under threat, technology under attack, ethics under fire: the experience of Google in China. (2013).Strategic Direction,29(5). doi:10.1108/sd.2013.05629eaa.006 Competitive rivalry. (2014).Veterinary Record,174(Suppl_1), 7-7. doi:10.1136/vr.g344 Google grows on people. (2013).Strategic Direction,29(9), 16-18. doi:10.1108/sd-08-2013-0052 Henry, J. (2010).Dominos Pizza(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www2.dsu.nodak.edu/users/rbutz/International%20Business/pdf/sample_s10case.pdf Le, T., Pashut, T. (2015).DOMINOS The Turnaround(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.econ.ucla.edu/sboard/teaching/tech/Dominos.pdf Marketing at McDonalds. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.mcdonalds.co.uk/content/dam/McDonaldsUK/People/Schools-and-students/mcd_marketing.pdf McDonalds Environmental Strategy. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.umich.edu/~nppcpub/resources/compendia/CORPpdfs/CORPcaseA.pdf Strategic Capability. (2007) (3rd ed.). Retrieved from https://catalogue.pearsoned.co.uk/assets/hip/images/catalog/uploads/ECS8_C03.pdf Weihrich, H. (2015).ANALYZING THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF GERMANY(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.usfca.edu/fac_staff/weihrichh/docs/germany.pdf